The bandwidth of USB4 data transmission reaches 40Gbps, and it can support simultaneous transmission of USB 3.2, DisplayPort and PCIe. In order to prevent random transmission of data, communication protocols are needed to restrict and standardize transmission. The specific implementation of the communication protocol needs to be managed by relevant structures. This structure is the adapter.
It can be seen that when USB 3.2, DisplayPort and PCIe data are transmitted from one router (such as USB4 router A) to another router (such as USB4 router B), it is first converted into USB4 tunnel data through the adapter, and then transmitted to the USB4 port, and then transmitted. to the other party's USB4 port, and then converted by the other party's adapter to separate the USB 3.2, DisplayPort and PCIe data.
Judging from the above process, the transmission of USB4 data requires adapter conversion. First, different types of data are integrated together, transmitted to the other party's USB4 port through the USB4 port, and then the previous different types of data are separated by relying on the other party's adapter. An adapter is a bridge between a communication router and other external entities.
For USB4 hosts, the external entities are the Enhanced SuperSpeed host that sends USB 3.2 data, the PCIe controller that sends PCIe data, and the DisplayPort source that sends DisplayPort data.
For USB4 hubs, the external entities are the enhanced superspeed hub that processes USB 3.2 data, the PCIe switch that processes PCIe data, and the DisplayPort data display function module.
For USB4 external devices, the external entities are the enhanced overspeed function module that processes USB 3.2 data, the PCIe function module that processes PCIe data, and the display function module that receives DisplayPort data.
In short, external entities refer to the structure that establishes connections through adapters and routers. It is the adapter that ensures data transmission between the external entities mentioned above and the router. The adapter converts the data of the external entity into the data form transmitted by the router, and separates the data corresponding to the external entity from the data form transmitted by the router. In short, the adapter is the basic guarantee for the USB4 system structure to be able to transmit data normally.
